p-Chloro-o-toluidine and its hydrochloride.
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چکیده
There is limited evidence for the carcinogenicity of p‐chloro-o-toluidine from epidemiological studies in humans. Three cohort studies found high relative risks for urinary-bladder cancer among workers exposed to p-chloro-o-toluidine; however, confounding by coexposure to other potential urinary-bladder carcinogens could not be ruled out. Documented human exposure to p‐chloro-o-toluidine has occurred primarily in the dye and synthetic-chemical industries (IARC 2000). Between 1982 and 1990, 7 cases of urinary-bladder cancer were detected in a group of 49 German and Danish workers who were involved in producing the insecticide chlordimeform from p‐chloro-o-toluidine on an irregular basis for an average of 18 years (Popp et al. 1992). The incidence of urinary-bladder tumors in this group was significantly higher than the expected incidence based on national or regional cancer registries. A brain tumor also occurred in one of the seven workers with urinary-bladder cancer. Exposure levels were not documented, but exposure to p‐chloro-otoluidine from 1980 to 1986 was demonstrated analytically by monitoring of the workers’ urine, where it was reported to be present at minimal levels (concentrations were not reported). There was some evidence that the cohort handled other chemicals (including o‐chloro aniline); however, none of the resulting exposures were quantified by chemical analysis at the time. In other studies, workers were exposed to p‐chloro-o-toluidine and numerous other compounds, several of which are potential carcinogens. No exposure levels were documented, and the exposures occurred before 1980, when modern industrial-hygiene standards were implemented (Ott and Langner 1983, Stasik 1988, IARC 1990, Hogan 1993).
منابع مشابه
EVIDENCE ON THE CARCINOGENICITY OF 5-CHLORO-O-TOLUIDINE AND ITS STRONG ACID SALTS Reproductive and Cancer Hazard Assessment Section Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment California Environmental Protection Agency
PREFACE The Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 (Proposition 65, California Health and Safety Code 25249.5 et seq.) requires that the Governor cause to be published a list of those chemicals " known to the state " to cause cancer or reproductive toxicity. The Act specifies that " a chemical is known to the state to cause cancer or reproductive toxicity...if in the opinion of t...
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عنوان ژورنال:
- Report on carcinogens : carcinogen profiles
دوره 12 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2011